ASSUR...(Asshur)..Near the modern Kileh-Sherghat on the Tigris, 60 miles south of Neneveh...Fall of Assyris in 612 to Medes. Median Empire. (Phillips: 1965..pg 128)..."The Assyrian empire was overthrown late in the 7th C BC. Assur, the city god of the first capital of Assyria and the protector of the Royal House was a sun god. Nimrud was a later capital of Assyria. First capital was Assur. Nimrud was a later capital. Assur was a warrior god. A man with a bow was often beside the solar disk. Ancient temple of the Sun at Sippar, the original home of Shamash
KALAH......One of the most magnificent capitals of antiquity. ....(also Nimrud)...ancient Assyrian City near Nimeveh, built around 1300 BC. by Shalmaneser I...abandoned, then rebuilt as a royal residential city about 880 BC...excavations revealed much monumental material....Nineveh was the splendid capital of the Assyrian Empire. Conquering Medes and Chaldeans swept over the city in 606 BC and made it a desolate waste.. The great palaces of Sennacherib and Ashurbanipal...thousands of tablets of their libraries have been deciphered. ...The mounds extend for 15 miles along the Tigris, opposite the modern city of Mosul, represent the also the cities of Dur-Sargon and Kalah. Ninevah existed as early as 2000 BC and was chiefly the creation of Sennacherbi (705-681 BC) who walled and fortified it for two and 1/2 miles along the Tigris, building a great new palace and laying out extensive gardens......
LARSA...(31N..45E)...Capital of the Elamite and seat of Sumerian Sun worship.
SIPPAR...seat of Akkadian sun worship and the Sun God Babbar
SUSA...(32N..48E)...Photo of ruins in Frye: 1963..."the country which is currently called Khuzistan. The Elamite city of Susa (Shushan)"..(32N-48E)..(Kuznetsov: 1970..pg 566)...."Hos-mo: the country of Hos or Susa. Originally the capital of the ancient state of Elam, and later one of the main cities of the Achaemenid empire."(Kuznetsov: 1970..pg 573)...'from Hos, from the six provinces of Hos-mo" (Francke: 1950..pg 163)......Cyrus the Great, Achaemenid Ruler, conquered Asia Minor and in 539 BC occupied Babylon together with the Fertile Crescent. Susa was his capital.Cyrus I was also known as Kura-as Sar.....[The lotus blossom on the tomb of Cyrus dated to 540 BC seems identical to the ring of petals in the Shambhala cosmology. One of the gardens surronding the tomb was a lotus garden.]
ASSYRIA...(called Sham on ancient maps)...excavation of the Dura-Europos Mithraeum in Syria...."The center of ancient horse rearing was Assyria." (Rudenko: 1970...pg 59)..."the Sacae assisted Cyrus in his war with the Assyrians".(Rudenko: 1970...pg 225)..."The black meteoric stone was shipped from the city of Emesa to Rome in 210 AD by the Syrian King Heliogabalus." (Vermaseren: 1963..pg 187)....."The Indo-European Mitanni with strong Mithraic worship controlled Assyria for a time.." (Mackenzie)....The Assyrians developed the use of calvary and mounted archers....Center of ancient thoroughbred horse breeding.
ASSYRIA...Fall of Assyris in 612 to Medes. Median Empire. (Phillips: 1965..pg 128)..."The Assyrian empire was overthrown late in the 7th C BC. Assur, the city god of the first capital of Assyria and the protector of the Royal House was a sun god. Nimrud was a later capital of Assyria. First capital was Assur. Nimrud was a later capital. Assur was a warrior god. A man with a bow was often beside the solar disk. Ancient temple of the Sun at Sippar, the original home of Shamash. Restored by Nabonidus of the Babylonians who was captured by Cyrus." (Hawkes: 1962)..Tel Brak temple in eastern Syria. Staring divine eye.
MITANNI....(1500 BC)...Indo European Mithraic society that controlled Assyria for a time. Indo-European gods. (Mackenzie
SAKA..."On the map of Shambhala, Saka is shown exactly where it is supposed to be: north of Bactria near Lake Balkash.(45N-75E).Between 154 and 114 BC the Saka broke through the Parthian defense lines and seized a region in eastern Persia that has retained their name to this day: Sakastan (Seistan).(Kuznetsov: 1970..pg 568)..."Shag-yul: Country of the Saka. This is in the northeast corner of the map and refers to the consolidation of the Saka and Yueh-chi (Tocharians) in the Kushan dynasty."(Kuznetsov: 1970..pg 573)...Shapur: King of the Sakas......"By the testimony of Herodotus, the Greeks called them Scyths and the Persians called them Sakas."...(Rudenko:1970)..."The Sacae conquered Media in 630 BC and ruled for 28 years. Median King Astibar. Zarina, queen of the Sacae. Kydreias, King of the Sacae. Tomyris, queen of the Massagetae. Sacian King Amorg."
SHAM....ancient Syria...Ash-Sham was Damascus...
Damascus (Arab. Dimisk es-Sham, or simply es-Sham), the eye or the pearl of the East for the Arabs, is now the capital of Syria. The city stands 2267 feet above sea level and enjoys a very mild climate, owing to the Barada, which runs through it and to its numerous fountains or springs. It is surrounded by the groves and gardens of the Ghouta which stretch about ten miles south and east and include twenty-nine villages, the inhabitants of which are devoted to fruit culture (oranges, lemons, etc. especially plums and apricots).
Shâm (Shem) is the Syriac name of the elder son of Noah. His name is in Arabic is Sam. After The Flood, Sham decided to live in the land which is today called Damascus. Sham became the name of a land that includes Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine. Some geographers refer to this land (Bilad al-Sham) as the Great Syria
City listed as built by that king
#
|
King
|
Reign (years)
|
Dynasty and Titles
| |
=========================================================================
| ||||
1
|
Alulim
|
28,000
|
Eridu
| |
2
|
Alalgar
|
36,000
|
Eridu
| |
1
|
Enmenluanna
|
43,200
|
Bad-Tibira
| |
2
|
Enmengalana
|
28,800
|
Bad-Tibira
| |
3
|
Dumuzi the Shepherd
|
36,000
|
Bad-Tibira
| |
1
|
Ensipadzidana
|
28,800
|
Larag
| |
1
|
Enmendurana
|
21,000
|
Zimbir
| |
1
|
Ubara-Tutu
|
18,600
|
Shurrupuk
| |
2
|
Ziusudra*
|
36,000
|
Shurrupuk
| |
TOTAL:
|
241,200
|
[Ubaid Period: 5900-2900? B.C.; 3000 yrs?]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
Flood Sweeps Over
| ||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Jugur
|
1,200
|
Kish [First Akkadian King]
| |
2
|
Kullassina-Bel
|
960 (900)
|
Kish
| |
3
|
Nangishlishma
|
670
|
Kish
| |
4
|
Entarahanna
|
420
|
Kish
| |
5
|
Babum
|
300
|
Kish
| |
6
|
Puannum
|
840 (240)
|
Kish
| |
7
|
Kalibum
|
960 (900)
|
Kish
| |
8
|
Kalumum
|
840 (900)
|
Kish
| |
9
|
Zuqaqip
|
900 (600)
|
Kish
| |
8
|
Aba (Atab)
|
600
|
Kish
| |
9
|
Mashda
|
840
|
Kish
| |
10
|
Atab
|
600
|
Kish
| |
11
|
Mashda*
|
840 (720)
|
Kish
| |
12
|
Arwium*
|
720
|
Kish
| |
13
|
Etana the Shepherd
|
1,500 (635)
|
Kish [2800 B.C.]
| |
"Conquered the foreign lands and ascended to heaven"
| ||||
14
|
Balih*
|
400 (410)
|
Kish
| |
15
|
Enmenunna
|
660 (621)
|
Kish
| |
16
|
Melem-Kish*
|
900 (1560)
|
Kish
| |
17
|
Barsal-Nuna
|
1,200
|
Kish "Brother of Melem-Kish"
| |
18
|
Zamug*
|
140
|
Kish
| |
19
|
Tizqar*
|
305 (1620+)
|
Kish
| |
20
|
Ilku
|
900
|
Kish
| |
21
|
Iltasadum
|
1,200
|
Kish
| |
22
|
Enmebaragesi
|
900
|
Kish "Made Elam submit"
| |
23
|
Agga*
|
625
|
Kish
| |
"Enmenbaragesi's dynasty ends after 1525 years"
| ||||
TOTAL
|
24,510
|
[2900? - 2650? B.C. ; 250 yrs?]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Meshkiagasher, Son of Utu
|
324 (325)
|
E-anna "Entered the sea and disappeared"
| |
2
|
Enmerkar*
|
420 (900)
|
Uruk [Made Aratta submit]
| |
"Meshkiagasher's dynasty ends after 745 years"
| ||||
3
|
Lugal-Banda the Shepherd
|
1200
|
Uruk
| |
4
|
Dumuzi the Fisherman
|
100 (110)
|
Uruk "His city was Kuara"
| |
"Captured Enmebaragesi single-handedly"
| ||||
5
|
Gilgamesh, Lord of Kulaba
|
126
|
Uruk "Father was a nomad[?]"
| |
6
|
Ur-Nungal*
|
30
|
Uruk
| |
7
|
Udul-Kalama*
|
15
|
Uruk "Son of Ur-Nungal"
| |
8
|
Laba-Shum
|
9
|
Uruk
| |
9
|
Ennuntarahanna
|
8
|
Uruk
| |
10
|
Meshe
|
36
|
Uruk
| |
11
|
Melemanna
|
6
|
Uruk
| |
11
|
Tilkug
|
900+
|
Uruk
| |
12
|
Lugal-Kitun
|
36 (420)
|
Uruk
| |
TOTAL
|
2310 (3588)
|
[2670-2540? B.C. ; 130 yrs?]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Meshanepadda
|
80
|
Ur [Defeats Agga]
| |
2
|
Aannipadda*
|
?
|
Ur [Temple built near Ur]
| |
2
|
Meshkiagn[a/u]nna
|
36 (30)
|
Ur [Son of Meshanepadda]
| |
3
|
Elulu
|
25
|
Ur
| |
4
|
Balulu
|
36
|
Ur
| |
TOTAL
|
171
|
[2670-2550? B.C. ; 120 yrs?]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
???
|
?
|
Awan
| |
2
|
???
|
?
|
Awan
| |
3
|
???
|
36
|
Awan
| |
TOTAL
|
356
|
[2460-2420 B.C. ; 40 yrs]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Susuda the Fuller
|
201+
|
Kish II
| |
2
|
Dadasig
|
81
|
Kish II
| |
3
|
Mamagal the Boatman
|
360 (420)
|
Kish II
| |
4
|
Kalbum*
|
195 (132)
|
Kish II
| |
5
|
Tuge
|
360
|
Kish II
| |
6
|
Mennuna*
|
180
|
Kish II
| |
7 (8)
|
Mesilim[?]
|
290
|
Kish II [Sets Umma/Lagash border ~2450 B.C.]
| |
8 (7)
|
Lugal-Gu
|
360 (420)
|
Kish II
| |
TOTAL
|
3,195 (3,792)
|
[2500-2430 B.C. ; 70 yrs]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Hadanish
|
360
|
Hamazi [2450-2430 B.C.; 20 yrs]
| |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Enshakanshanna
|
60
|
Uruk II
| |
2
|
Lugal-Ure (-Kinishedudu)
|
120
|
Uruk II
| |
3
|
Argandea
|
7
|
Uruk II
| |
TOTAL:
|
187
|
[2432-2340 B.C. ; 92 yrs]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Nani
|
120+ (54+)
|
Ur II (Ur II proceeds Uruk II)
| |
2
|
Meshkiagnanna
|
48
|
Ur II
| |
3
|
???
|
2
|
Ur II (Omitted)
| |
TOTAL:
|
582 (578)
|
[2430-2340 B.C.; 90 yrs]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Lugal-Anemundu
|
90 (90)
|
Adab [2525-2500 B.C.]
| |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Anbu
|
30 (90)
|
Mari
| |
2
|
Anba*
|
17 (7)
|
Mari
| |
3
|
Bazi the Leatherworker
|
30
|
Mari
| |
4
|
Zizi the Fuller
|
20
|
Mari
| |
5
|
Limer the Gudu-Priest
|
30
|
Mari
| |
6
|
Sharrumiter
|
9 (7)
|
Mari
| |
TOTAL:
|
136 (184)
|
[2500-2334 B.C. ; 166 yrs]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Kubau the Tavern Keeper
|
100
|
Kish III [Female; 2400 B.C.]
| |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Unzi
|
30
|
Akshak
| |
2
|
Undalulu
|
6 (12)
|
Akshak
| |
3
|
Urur
|
6
|
Akshak
| |
4
|
Puzur-Nirah
|
20
|
Akshak
| |
5
|
Ishu-Il
|
24 (24) (24)
|
Akshak
| |
6
|
Shu-Suen*
|
7 (7) (7) (24)
|
Akshak [2450-2360 B.C. ; 90 yrs]
| |
TOTAL:
|
99 (116)
|
"5 kings ruled 87 years."
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1 (2)
|
Puzur-Suen, Son of Kubau
|
25
|
Kish IV (Kish III)
| |
2 (3)
|
Ur-Zababa
|
400 (6) (4+)
|
Kish IV (Kish III)
| |
"Kubau's dynasty ends after 745 years."
| ||||
3 (4)
|
Zimudar (Ziguiake)
|
30+
|
Kish IV (Kish III)
| |
4 (5)
|
Ubni-Watar*
|
7 (6)
|
Kish IV (Kish III)
| |
5 (6)
|
Ectar-Muti
|
11 (17)
|
Kish IV (Kish III)
| |
6 (7)
|
Ishma-Shamash
|
11
|
Kish IV (Kish III)
| |
?
|
Shu-Ilishu
|
15
|
Kish III
| |
?
|
Zimudar
|
7
|
Kish III
| |
7 (8)
|
Nanniya the Jeweler
|
7 (3)
|
Kish IV (Kish III) (Omitted)
| |
TOTAL:
|
491 (485)
|
"8 kings ruled 586 years."
| ||
[2360 - 2340 B.C.; 20 yrs]
| ||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
En-Hegal
|
20?
|
Lagash
| |
2
|
Lugal-Sha-Engur
|
55?
|
Lagash
| |
3
|
Ur-Nanshe
|
30
|
Lagash
| |
4
|
Akurgal
|
10
|
Lagash
| |
5
|
E-Ana-Tum
|
30
|
Lagash [2455 B.C.]
| |
6
|
En-Ana-Tum I
|
20
|
Lagash [Brother of Eanatum]
| |
7
|
En-Temena*
|
30
|
Lagash
| |
8
|
En-Ana-Tum II
|
10
|
Lagash [2375 B.C.]
| |
9
|
En-Entar-Zi
|
5
|
Lagash
| |
10
|
Lugal-Anda
|
5
|
Lagash
| |
11
|
Uru-Ka-Gina
|
10
|
Lagash
| |
TOTAL:
|
225
|
[2570-2345 B.C.]
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Lugal-Zagesi
|
25(34)
|
Uruk III (Omitted)
| |
[2345-2316; 29yrs]
| ||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Sharru-Kin, Gardener’s Son
|
56 (55) (54)
|
Agade "Cupbearer of Ur-Zababa"
| |
2
|
Rimush*
|
9,7 (15)
|
Agade
| |
3
|
Manishtishu
|
15 (7)
|
Agade "Older brother of Rimush"
| |
4
|
Naram-Suen*
|
56 (56)
|
Agade
| |
5
|
Shar-Kali-Sharri*
|
25 (25) (24)
|
Agade
| |
"Sharru-Kin's dynasty ends after 157 years."
| ||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
Dynasty of Sharru-Kin [Sargon] Ends
| ||||
“Who was king? Who was not king?”
| ||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
6
|
Irgigi
|
0-1
|
Agade
| |
7 (8)
|
Imi
|
0-1
|
Agade
| |
8 (7)
|
Nanum
|
0-1
|
Agade
| |
9
|
Ilulu
|
0-1
|
Agade (Total: 3 Years)
| |
10
|
Dudu
|
21
|
Agade (Omitted)
| |
11
|
Shu-Durul*
|
15 (18)
|
Agade (Omitted)
| |
TOTAL:
|
181 "12 kings ruled 197 years." "9 kings ruled 161 years."
| |||
[2371-2230 B.C.; 141 yrs]
| ||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
1
|
Ur-Nigin
|
7 (3) (15) (30)
|
Uruk IV (Uruk III)
| |
2
|
Ur-Gigir*
|
6 (7) (15) (7)
|
Uruk IV (Uruk III)
| |
3
|
Kuda
|
6
|
Uruk IV (Uruk III) (Omitted)
| |
4
|
Puzur-Eli
|
5 (20)
|
Uruk IV (Uruk III) (Omitted)
| |
5 (3)
|
Ur-Utu, son of Ur-Gigir
|
6 (25)
|
Uruk IV (Uruk III)
| |
5
|
Lugalmelem, son of Ur-Gigir
|
7
|
Uruk IV
| |
TOTAL:
|
30 (43) (26)
|
"3 kings ruled 47 years."
| ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ||||
Nobody
|
3 (5)
|
Guti [Northern Elamites]
| ||
1
|
Inkishush
|
6 (7)
|
Guti
| |
2
|
Zarlagab
|
6
|
Guti
| |
3
|
Shulmi (Yarlagash)
|
6
|
Guti
| |
4
|
Silulumesh (Silulu)
|
6 (7)
|
Guti
| |
5
|
Inimabakesh
|
5
|
Guti
| |
5
|
Duga
|
6
|
Guti
| |
6
|
Ilu-An
|
3
|
Guti
| |
6
|
Igeshaush
|
6
|
Guti
| |
7
|
Yarlagab
|
15 (5)
|
Guti
| |
8
|
Yarla (Yarlangab)
|
3
|
Guti
| |
9
|
Kulum
|
1 (3)
|
Guti
| |
10
|
Apil-Kin
|
3
|
Guti
| |
11
|
Laerabum (?)
|
2
|
Guti
| |
12
|
Irarum
|
2
|
Guti
| |
13
|
Ibranum
|
1
|
Guti
| |
14
|
Hablum
|
2
|
Guti
| |
15
|
Puzur-Suen*
|
7
|
Guti
| |
16
|
Yarlaganda
|
7
|
Guti
| |
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